Ground-mount options and considerations
Ground-mounted solar arrays offer flexibility in orientation and tilt and are an excellent alternative when rooftop space is limited or unsuitable. Several mounting styles suit different site conditions and budgets.
Common ground-mount types:
- Fixed-tilt racks: Simple, cost-effective mounts that hold panels at a fixed angle optimized for seasonal solar exposure.
- Pole mounts: Panels mounted on a single pole; they can be raised above ground-level obstacles and allow easier access for maintenance.
- Tracking systems: Single-axis or dual-axis trackers move panels to follow the sun, increasing daily energy capture but adding cost and mechanical complexity.
- Ballasted systems: Use weight blocks instead of ground penetrations for installations where digging is restricted.
Site and design considerations
- Soil and foundation: Ground conditions determine whether driven piles, concrete footings, or screw anchors are required.
- Wind and snow loads: Engineering must account for local wind uplift and snow weight.
- Accessibility and maintenance: Allow room for cleaning, vegetation control, and repairs.
Advantages and trade-offs
- Better yield: Ground mounts can be optimized for ideal orientation and tilt, and trackers can boost yield significantly.
- Cost and complexity: Ground systems typically cost more per watt than rooftop installs due to materials and site work.
Ground mounting is a versatile choice that often delivers excellent performance when properly engineered for site conditions.